<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plasur</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы реконструктивной и пластической хирургии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Issues of Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-1471</issn><publisher><publisher-name>АНО "НИИ микрохирургии"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52581/1814-1471/89/05</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">plasur-261</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AID TO THE PHISICIAN</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Врожденный ложный сустав костей голени у детей. Роль микрохирургии в реконструкции конечностей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia in children. The role of microsurgery in limb reconstruction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-9225</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гранкин</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grankin</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гранкин Денис Юрьевич – научный сотрудник, врач травматолог-ортопед отделения реконструктивной микрохи рургии и хирургии кисти.</p><p>196603, Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ул. Парковая, д. 64–68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis Yu. Grankin - research associate, the Department for Reconstructive Microsurgery and Hand Surgery.</p><p>64–68, Parkovaya st., Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196603</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grankin.md@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1319-8979</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голяна</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golyana</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Голяна Сергей Иванович – канд. мед. наук, руководитель отделения реконструктивной микрохирургии и хирургии кисти.</p><p>196603, Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ул. Парковая, д. 64–68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey I. Golyana - Cand. Med. sci., head of the Department for Reconstructive Microsurgery and Hand Surgery.</p><p>64–68, Parkovaya st., Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196603</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ser.golyana@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6544-1657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарьян</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharyan</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарьян Екатерина Анатольевна – канд. мед. наук, руководитель отдела координации и качества оказания помощи детскому населению Управления по взаимодействию с регионами.</p><p>196603, Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ул. Парковая, д. 64–68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Zakharyan - Cand. Med. sci., head of the Department for Coordination and Quality of Assistance to the Children's Population of the Department for Interaction with the Regions.</p><p>64–68, Parkovaya st., Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196603</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zax-2008@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7837-4676</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдейчик</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeichik</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авдейчик Наталья Валерьевна – канд. мед. наук, врач травматолог-ортопед отделения реконструктивной микрохирургии и хирургии кисти.</p><p>196603, Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ул. Парковая, д. 64–68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Avdeichik - Cand. Med. sci., orthopedic surgeon, the Department for Reconstructive Microsurgery and Hand Surgery.</p><p>64–68, Parkovaya st., Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196603</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natali_avdeichik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской травматологии и ортопедии им. Г.И. Турнера Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>H. Turner National Medical Research Centre for Children’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гранкин Д.Ю., Голяна С.И., Захарьян Е.А., Авдейчик Н.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гранкин Д.Ю., Голяна С.И., Захарьян Е.А., Авдейчик Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grankin D.Y., Golyana S.I., Zakharyan E.A., Avdeichik N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://plasur.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/261">https://plasur.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/261</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведен анализ отечественных и зарубежных источников литературы на тему врожденного ложного сустава костей голени (ВЛСКГ) у детей. В первой части статьи освещены современные представления об этиологии и патогенезе, методах и сроках консервативного и оперативного лечения, возможных осложнениях при лечении ВЛСКГ у детей. Особое внимание уделено случаям псевдоартроза костей голени в сочетании с нейрофиброматозом 1-го типа. Описаны показания и возможные осложнения микрохирургического этапа – замещения обширного дефекта большеберцовой кости свободным кровоснабжаемым аутотрансплантатом малоберцовой кости. При описании клинического случая представлен результат лечения пациента с ВЛСКГ на фоне нейрофиброматоза 1-го типа, осложненного обширным дефектом большеберцовой кости.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The analysis of domestic and foreign literature sources on сongenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia in children. First part of the article describes about etiology and pathogenesis, methods and timing of conservative and surgical treatment, complications in the treatment of сongenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia in children. Special attention is paid to cases of сongenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia in combination with neurofibromatosis type 1. Indications and possible complications of the microsurgical stage – replacement of an extensive tibial defect with a free bloodsupplied fibular bone flap. The section description of the clinical case presents the result of treatment of a pediatric patient with сongenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia against the background of neurofibromatosis type 1, complicated by an extensive defect of the tibia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>псевдоартроз</kwd><kwd>дефекты костей голени</kwd><kwd>микрохирургия</kwd><kwd>нейрофиброматоз</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pseudoarthrosis</kwd><kwd>lower leg bone defects</kwd><kwd>microsurgery</kwd><kwd>neurofibromatosis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hefti F., Bollini G., Dungl P., Fixsen J., Grill F., Ippolito E., Wientroub S. Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: history, etiology, classification, and epidemiologic data // Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics. Part B. 2000. Vol. 9, № 1. P. 11–15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hefti F., Bollini G., Dungl P., Fixsen J., Grill F., Ippolito E., Wientroub S. Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: history, etiology, classification, and epidemiologic data. Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics. Part B. 2000;9(1):11-15.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnston C.E. Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: results of technical variations in the Charnley-Williams procedure // JBJS. 2002. Vol. 84, № 10. P. 1799–1810.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnston C.E. Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: results of technical variations in the Charnley-Williams procedure. JBJS. 2002;84(10):1799-1810.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Поздеев А.П., Захарьян Е.А. Особенности течения врожденных ложных суставов костей голени у детей дистрофического и диспластического генеза // Ортопедия, травматология и восстановительная хирургия детского возраста. 2014. Т. 2, № 1. С. 78–84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pozdeev A.P., Zakharyan E.A. Osobennosti techeniya vrozhdennyh lozhnyh sustavov kostey goleni u detey distroficheskogo i displasticheskogo geneza [Features of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia of dysplastic and neurodystrofic genesis]. Ortopediya, travmatologiya i vosstanovitel'naya hirurgiya detskogo vozrasta – Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery. 2014;2(1):78-84. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leskelä H.V., Kuorilehto T., Risteli J., Koivunen J., Nissinen M., Peltonen S., Peltonen J. Congenital pseudarthrosis of neurofibromatosis type 1: impaired osteoblast differentiation and function and altered NF1 gene expression // Bone. 2009. Vol. 44, № 2. P. 243–250.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leskelä H.V., Kuorilehto T., Risteli J., Koivunen J., Nissinen M., Peltonen S., Peltonen J. Congenital pseudarthrosis of neurofibromatosis type 1: impaired osteoblast differentiation and function and altered NF1 gene expression. Bone. 2009;44(2):243-250.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мустафин Р.Н. Особенности ортопедической патологии у больных нейрофиброматозом I типа // Гений ортопедии. 2022. Т. 28, № 2. С. 296–304.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mustafin R.N. Osobennosti ortopedicheskoy patologii u bol'nyh neyrofibromatozom I tipa [Skeletal anomalies in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1]. Genij ortopedii. 2022;28(2):296-304. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Horn J., Steen H., Terjesen T. Epidemiology and treatment outcome of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia // Journal of Children's Orthopaedics. 2013. Vol. 7, № 2. P. 157–166.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Horn J., Steen H., Terjesen T. Epidemiology and treatment outcome of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia. Journal of Children's Orthopaedics. 2013;7(2):157-166.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu G., Zheng Y., Liu Y., Yan A., Hu Z., Yang Y., Mei H. Identification and characterization of NF1 and non-NF1 congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia based on germline NF1 variants: genetic and clinical analysis of 75 patients // Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 2019. Vol. 14. P. 1–13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu G., Zheng Y., Liu Y., Yan A., Hu Z., Yang Y., Mei H. Identification and characterization of NF1 and nonNF1 congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia based on germline NF1 variants: genetic and clinical analysis of 75 patients. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 2019;14:1-13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кутиков С.А., Lettreuch A.R., Saighi-Bouaouina A., Борзунов Д.Ю., Дьячкова Г.В. Врожденный ложный сустав голени. Проблемы, возможные варианты решения // Гений ортопедии. 2014. № 3. С. 24–30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kutikov S.A., Lettreuch A.R., Saighi-Bouaouina A., Borzunov D.Yu., D'iachkova G.V. Vrozhdennyj lozhnyj sustav goleni. Problemy, vozmozhnye varianty resheniya [Pseudoarthrosis of the leg. Problems, possible solutions]. Genij ortopedii. 2014;3:24-30. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захарьян Е.А., Чигвария Н.Г., Гаркавенко Ю.Е., Поздеев А.П., Гранкин Д.Ю., Афоничев К.А. Возможности реконструктивной хирургии конечностей при лечении врожденного ложного сустава костей голени у детей с применением микрохирургической техники – реконструкция или ампутация? // Ортопедия, травматология и восстановительная хирургия детского возраста. 2022. Т. 10, № 4. С. 429–439.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharyan E.A., Chigvariya N.G., Garkavenko Yu.E., Pozdeev A.P., Grankin D.Yu., Afonichev K.A. Vozmozhnosti rekonstruktivnoy hirurgii konechnostey pri lechenii vrozhdennogo lozhnogo sustava kostey goleni u detey s primeneniem mikrohirurgicheskoy tekhniki – rekonstrukciya ili amputaciya? [Reconstructive surgery in the treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia in children using microsurgical techniques: Reconstruction or amputation?] Ortopediya, travmatologiya i vosstanovitel'naya hirurgiya detskogo vozrasta – Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery. 2022;10(4):429-439. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seo S.G., Lee D.Y., Kim Y.S., Yoo W.J., Cho T.J., Choi I.H. Foot and ankle function at maturity after Ilizarov treatment for atrophic-type congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: a comprehensive outcome comparison with normal controls // JBJS. 2016. Vol. 98, № 6. P. 490–498.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seo S.G., Lee D.Y., Kim Y.S., Yoo W.J., Cho T.J., Choi I.H. Foot and ankle function at maturity after Ilizarov treatment for atrophic-type congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: a comprehensive outcome comparison with normal controls. JBJS. 2016;98(6):490-498.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pannier S., Pejin Z., Dana C., Masquelet A.C., Glorion C. Induced membrane technique for the treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: preliminary results of five cases // Journal of Children's Orthopaedics. 2013. Vol. 7, № 6. P. 477–485.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pannier S., Pejin Z., Dana C., Masquelet A.C., Glorion C. Induced membrane technique for the treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: preliminary results of five cases. Journal of Children's Orthopaedics. 2013;7(6):477-485.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Inan M., El Rassi G., Riddle E.C., Kumar S.J. Residual deformities following successful initial bone union in congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia // Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics. 2006. Vol. 26, № 3. P. 393–399.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Inan M., El Rassi G., Riddle E.C., Kumar S.J. Residual deformities following successful initial bone union in congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics. 2006;26(3):393-399.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adam D., Hamel A., Perrot P., Duteille F. Long-term behavior of the vascularized fibular free flap for reconstruction of bony defects in children // Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique. Elsevier Masson. 2020. Vol. 65, № 3. P. 219–227.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adam D., Hamel A., Perrot P., Duteille F. Long-term behavior of the vascularized fibular free flap for reconstruction of bony defects in children. Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique. Elsevier Masson, 2020;65(3):219-227.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gouron R., Deroussen F., Plancq M.C., Collet L.M. Bone defect reconstruction in children using the induced membrane technique: a series of 14 cases // Orthopaedics &amp; Traumatology: Surgery &amp; Research. 2013. Vol. 99, № 7. P. 837–843.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gouron R., Deroussen F., Plancq M.C., Collet L.M. Bone defect reconstruction in children using the induced membrane technique: a series of 14 cases. Orthopaedics &amp; Traumatology: Surgery &amp; Research. 2013;99(7):837-843.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taylor G.I., Corlett R.J., Ashton M.W. The evolution of free vascularized bone transfer: a 40-year experience // Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2016. Vol. 137, № 4. P. 1292–1305.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taylor G.I., Corlett R.J., Ashton M.W. The evolution of free vascularized bone transfer: a 40-year experience. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2016;137(4):1292-1305.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vanderstappen J., Lammens J., Berger P., Laumen A. Ilizarov bone transport as a treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: a long-term follow-up study // Journal of Children's Orthopaedics. 2015. Vol. 9, № 4. P. 319–324.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vanderstappen J., Lammens J., Berger P., Laumen A. Ilizarov bone transport as a treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: a long-term follow-up study. Journal of Children's Orthopaedics. 2015;9(4):319-324.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Das S.P., Ganesh S., Pradhan S., Singh D., Mohanty R.N. Effectiveness of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 in the management of congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia: a randomised controlled trial // International Orthopaedics. 2014. Vol. 38. P. 1987–1992.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Das S.P., Ganesh S., Pradhan S., Singh D., Mohanty R.N. Effectiveness of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 in the management of congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia: a randomised controlled trial. International Orthopaedics. 2014;38:1987-1992.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shannon C.E., Huser A.J., Paley D. Cross-Union Surgery for Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Tibia // Children (Basel). 2021 Jun 24. Vol. 8, № 7. Р. 547. doi: 10.3390/children8070547. PMID: 34202921. PMCID PMC8303361</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shannon C.E., Huser A.J., Paley D. Cross-Union Surgery for Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Tibia. Children (Basel). 2021 Jun 24;8(7):547. doi: 10.3390/children8070547. PMID: 34202921. PMCID: PMC8303361</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баиндурашвили А.Г. Свиридов М.К., Голяна С.И., Авдейчик Н.В. Исторические и современные представления о методах реконструкции костной ткани // Ортопедия, травматология и восстановительная хирургия детского возраста. 2014. Т. 2, № 4. С. 45–50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baindurashvili A.G. Sviridov M.K., Golyana S.I., Avdeychik N.V. Istoricheskie i sovremennye predstavleniya o metodah rekonstrukcii kostnoy tkani [Historical and modern concepts of bone reconstruction methods]. Ortopediya, travmatologiya i vosstanovitel'naya hirurgiya detskogo vozrasta – Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery. 2014;2(4):45-50. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feltri P., Solaro L., Errani C., Schiavon G., Candrian C., Filardo G. Vascularized fibular grafts for the treatment of long bone defects: pros and cons. A systematic review and meta-analysis // Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery. 2023. Vol. 143, № 1. P. 29–48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feltri P., Solaro L., Errani C., Schiavon G., Candrian C., Filardo G. Vascularized fibular grafts for the treatment of long bone defects: pros and cons. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery. 2023;143(1):29-48.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Den Heuvel S.C., Winters H.A., Ultee K.H., Zijlstra-Koenrades N., Sakkers R.J. Combined massive allograft and intramedullary vascularized fibula transfer: the Capanna technique for treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia // Acta Orthopaedica. 2020. Vol. 91, № 5. P. 605–610. doi: 10.1080/17453674.2020.1773670</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Den Heuvel S.C., Winters H.A., Ultee K.H., Zijlstra-Koenrades N., Sakkers R.J.. Combined massive allograft and intramedullary vascularized fibula transfer: the Capanna technique for treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia. Acta Orthopaedica. 2020;91(5):605-610. doi: 10.1080/17453674.2020.1773670</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">El-Rosasy M.A., El-Sallakh S.A. Distal tibial hypertrophic nonunion with deformity: treatment by fixator-assisted acute deformity correction and LCP fixation // Strategies in Trauma and Limb Reconstruction. 2013. Vol. 8. P. 31–35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">El-Rosasy M.A., El-Sallakh S.A. Distal tibial hypertrophic nonunion with deformity: treatment by fixator-assisted acute deformity correction and LCP fixation. Strategies in Trauma and Limb Reconstruction. 2013;8:31-35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iamaguchi R.B., de Moraes M.A., Silva G.B., et al. Is obesity a risk factor for free vascularized fibular flap complications? // Acta Ortop. Bras. 2019. Vol. 27, № 4. P. 192−196. DOI: 10.1590/1413-785220192704217444</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iamaguchi R.B., de Moraes M.A., Silva G.B., et al. Is obesity a risk factor for free vascularized fibular flap complications? Acta Ortop. Bras. 2019;27(4):192-196. DOI: 10.1590/1413-785220192704217444</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karami R.A., Ghieh F.M., Saghieh S.S., Ibrahim A.E. The use of the fibula flap in post oncologic reconstruction of long bone in pediatric patients: a retrospective cohort study // Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &amp; Aesthetic Surgery. 2021. Vol. 74, № 10. P. 2504–2511. doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2021.03.017</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karami R.A., Ghieh F.M., Saghieh S.S., Ibrahim A.E. The use of the fibula flap in post oncologic reconstruction of long bone in pediatric patients: a retrospective cohort study. Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &amp; Aesthetic Surgery. 2021;74(10):2504-2511. doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2021.03.017</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McCullough M.C., Arkader A., Ariani R., et al. Surgical Outcomes, Complications, and Long-Term Functionality for Free Vascularized Fibula Grafts in the Pediatric Population: A 17-Year Experience and Systematic Review of the Literature // J Reconstr Microsurg. 2020 Jun. Vol. 36, № 5. P. 386–396. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1702147. Epub 2020 Feb 23. PMID: 32088922</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McCullough M.C., Arkader A., Ariani R., et al. Surgical Outcomes, Complications, and Long-Term Functionality for Free Vascularized Fibula Grafts in the Pediatric Population: A 17-Year Experience and Systematic Review of the Literature. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2020 Jun;36(5):386-396. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1702147. Epub 2020 Feb 23. PMID: 32088922.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agarwal A., Kumar D., Agrawal N., Gupta N. Ankle valgus following non-vascularized fibular grafts in children – an outcome evaluation minimum two years after fibular harvest // International Orthopaedics. 2017. Vol. 41. P. 949–955.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agarwal A., Kumar D., Agrawal N., Gupta N. Ankle valgus following non-vascularized fibular grafts in children – an outcome evaluation minimum two years after fibular harvest. International Orthopaedics. 2017;41:949-955.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
