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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plasur</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы реконструктивной и пластической хирургии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Issues of Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-1471</issn><publisher><publisher-name>АНО "НИИ микрохирургии"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52581/1814-1471/93/07</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">plasur-368</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AID TO THE PHISICIAN</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Малоинвазивные вмешательства при ахалазии кардии III и IV стадий (оценка ближайших и отдаленных результатов)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Minimally invasive interventions for esophageal achalasia stage III and IV (evaluation of immediate and long term results)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3690-1316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дробязгин</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drobyazgin</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дробязгин Евгений Александрович – д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры госпитальной и детской хирургии; торакальный хирург отделения торакальной хирургии, зав. отделением эндоскопии</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., д. 52; 630087, г. Новосибирск, ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Еvgeniy А. Drobyazgin, Dr. Med. sci., Professor, the Department of Hospital and Pediatric Surgery;thoracic surgeon, the head of Endoscopy Department</p><p>52, Krasny Ave., Novosibirsk, 630091; 130, Nemirovich-Danchenko st., Novosibirsk, 630087</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgenyidrob@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6795-6678</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чикинев</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chikinev</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чикинев Юрий Владимирович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой госпитальной и детской хирургии; торакальный хирург отделения торакальной хирургии </p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., д. 52; 630087, г. Новосибирск, ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuriy V. Chikinev, Dr. Med. sci., Professor, head of the Department of Hospital and Pediatric Surgery; thoracic surgeon, the head of Endoscopy Department</p><p>52, Krasny Ave., Novosibirsk, 630091; 130, Nemirovich-Danchenko st., Novosibirsk, 630087</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chikinev@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6447-637X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митько</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitko</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Митько Никита Игоревич – клинический ординатор кафедры госпитальной и детской хирургии</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., д. 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita I. Mitko, resident, the Department of Hospital and Pediatric Surgery</p><p>52, Krasny Ave., Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nik_mitko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7320-5141</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коробейников</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korobeynikov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коробейников Александр Владимирович – зав. отделением торакальной хирургии</p><p>630087, г. Новосибирск, ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr V. Korobeynikov, head of the Thoracic Surgery Department</p><p>130, Nemirovich-Danchenko st., Novosibirsk, 630087</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koralex1974@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1800-6422</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полякевич</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakevich</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полякевич Алексей Станиславович – д-р мед. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры госпитальной и детской хирургии; хирург 1-го хирургического отделения</p><p>630091, г. Новосибирск, Красный пр., д. 52; 630087, г. Новосибирск, ул. Немировича-Данченко, д. 130</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey S. Polyakevich, Dr. Med. sci., Associate Professor, Professor of Department of Hospital and Pediatric Surgery; surgeon</p><p>52, Krasny Ave., Novosibirsk, 630091; 130, Nemirovich-Danchenko st., Novosibirsk, 630087</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">randonier@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет; Государственная Новосибирская областная клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University; State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственная Новосибирская областная клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дробязгин Е.А., Чикинев Ю.В., Митько Н.И., Коробейников А.В., Полякевич А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дробязгин Е.А., Чикинев Ю.В., Митько Н.И., Коробейников А.В., Полякевич А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Drobyazgin Е.А., Chikinev Y.V., Mitko N.I., Korobeynikov A.V., Polyakevich A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://plasur.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/368">https://plasur.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/368</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценить ближайшие и отдаленные результаты малоинвазивных вмешательств у пациентов с ахалазией кардии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование были включены 104 пациента с ахалазией кардии III и IV стадий (44 мужчины (42,3%) и 60 женщин (57,7%)), которым выполнена пероральная эндоскопическая миотомия (ПОЭМ). Возраст пациентов варьировал от 20 до 72 лет, средний возраст составил 44,5 (40,0; 64,0) лет. С целью оценки эффективности ПОЭМ проведено сравнение ближайших и отдаленных результатов при лапароскопическом вмешательстве – эзофагокардиофундопластике (ЭКФП) (51 пациент).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Длительность послеоперационного периода в группе больных после ПОЭМ была в среднем на 3,5 дня (47,3%) меньше, а общая продолжительность госпитализации – на 4,4 дня (42,3%) меньше, чем у пациентов после ЭКФП. В сроки более 1 года показатель дисфагии по шкале Eckardt у пациентов группы ПОЭМ был ниже на 30,72%. Рецидив в группе пациентов после ЭКФП регистрировался статистически значимо чаще, чем после ПОЭМ (5 случаев против 1, р = 0,021). Показатель гастроэзофагеального рефлюкса был на 10,4% ниже после ПОЭМ, а частота рефлюкса после ПОЭМ была в 2 раза меньше. В отдаленные сроки после операции значения показателей опросника GIQLI у пациентов после ПОЭМ были статистически значимо лучше по сравнению с таковыми в группе пациентов, которым выполнялась ЭКФП.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Пероральная эндоскопическая миотомия позволяет существенно снизить как длительность послеоперационного периода, так и общую длительность госпитализации, а возникшие в раннем послеоперационном периоде осложнения носят более легкий характер. Данные результатов анкетирования пациентов с использованием шкал Eckardt и GIQLI в сроки 6 мес и более 1 года, а также частота рецидивов ахалазии кардии указывают на высокую эффективность ПОЭМ. Необходимо дальнейшее продолжение оценки результатов малоинвазивных вмешательств у пациентов с ахалазией кардии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose of a study</title><p>Purpose of a study: to evaluate the immediate and remote results of minimally invasive interventions in patients with achalasia cardia.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 104 patients with achalasia cardia stage III and IV: 44 men (42.3%), 60 women (57.7%), aged from 20 to 72 years (44.5 (40.0; 64.0)) who underwent peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). In order to evaluate the effectiveness of POEM, its effectiveness was compared with data on the immediate and remote results of laparoscopic intervention - esophagocardiofundoplasty (ECFP) (51 patients).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The duration of the postoperative period in the group after POEM was on average 3.5 days (47.3%) shorter, the total duration of hospitalization was 4.4 days (42.3%) shorter than in patients after ECFP. Over a period of more than 1 year, the dysphagia index according to the Eckardt scale in patients in the POEM group was 30.7% lower. Recurrence in the group of patients after ECFP was more frequent than after POEM (5 versus 1 (p = 0.021). The gastroesophageal reflux rate was 10.4% lower after POEM, and the reflux rate after POEM was 2 times lower. In the late postoperative periods, the GIQLI questionnaire scores in patients after POEM were significantly better compared to these scores in the group of patients who underwent ECFP.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. POEM made it possible to significantly reduce both the duration of the postoperative period and the total duration of hospitalization, and complications that occurred in the early postoperative period were milder. The results of patient questionnaires using the Eckardt and GIQLI questionnaires at 6 months and more than 1 year, as well as the recurrence rate of achalasia cardia, indicate the high efficiency of POEM. Further evaluation of the results of minimally invasive interventions in patients with achalasia cardia is necessary.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ахалазия кардии</kwd><kwd>пероральная эндоскопическая миотомия</kwd><kwd>эндоскопия</kwd><kwd>лапароскопия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>esophageal achalasia</kwd><kwd>peroral endoscopic myotomy</kwd><kwd>endoscopy</kwd><kwd>laparoscopy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">никто из авторов не имеет финансовой заинтересованности в представленных материалах или методах.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">no author has a financial or property interest in any material or method metioned.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гасанов А.М., Алиев Н.А., Даниелян Ш.Н. Ахалазия пищевода // Хирургия. 2019. № 2. 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