Perm School of Lymphologysts: theory, experiment and clinic

The paper narrates the early research on the lymphatic system in the city of Perm (Russia) in 1951 and the systematic study of lymph nodes during the period from 1954 to 1963 under the guidance of Professor Ivan Ivanovich Kositsyn. The second period of experimental lymphology development in Perm is associated with the name of Professor Elizaveta Nikolaevna Oleneva. Her research on the lymphatic vessels of various organs when creating typological models of experimental venous congestion and lymphostasis became the basis for understanding pathological processes in organ interstices. The development of clinical lymphology owes much to Professor Nadezhda Alexandrovna Garyaeva. Close scientific cooperation between the Perm and St. Petersburg lymphological schools led to the development of structural foundations of modern lymphodynamics theory. The discovery of the lymphatic valve tensor muscle determined the role of valves in lymph flow in a historical discussion question. Reconstructive-restorative operations on the thoracic duct for surgical lymphology are significant for the prevention of lymphostasis and thrombosis. The study of mass transfer laws of medicinal substances through the interstitium provided a scientific rationale for lymphotropic therapy at a new level. The terms “intersticiology,” “somatic lymphedema,” and “visceral lymphedema” have been introduced into scientific circulation. Analysis of fundamental lymphostasis research allowed for the development of drug treatment methods for post-radiation fibrosis and lymphedema. The Department of Human Anatomy with a course in clinical lymphology under the leadership of Professor N.A. Garyaeva, developing treatment technologies in gynecology, phthisiopulmonology, surgery, traumatology, pediatrics, and therapy, became the scientific-methodological center in the city of Perm for building knowledge in the field of lymphology. The Lymphatech Clinic, opened in 2007, gave a new impetus to the development of clinical lymphology. The Lymphatech method, providing targeted pharmacological correction of the structures and functions of the lymphatic system, has stood the test of time and proved itself as an essential pathogenetic therapy for many pathologies. Scientific and clinical results are reported and published at international conferences, including the leading journal Lymphology.

1. Vargin V.S. O svyazi perinevral'nogo prostranstva sedalishchnogo nerva i limfaticheskoy sistemy. [On the connection of the perineural space of the sciatic nerve and the lymphatic system]. In: Fundamental'naya i klinicheskaya limfologiya - prakticheskomu zdravookhraneniyu: materialy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Fundamental and clinical Lymphology - to the practical health care: Proceedings of Scientific and Practical Conference]. Perm, 2001:33-35 (In Russ.).

2. Oleneva E.N. Polveka s limfologiey [Half of century with a lymphology]. Perm, Perm State Medical Academy, 2001:116 p. (In Russ.).

3. Garyaeva N.A. Morphofunktsional'nye osobennosti lymphangionov serdtsa v norme i pri eksperimental'nom zastoe limphye. Avtoref. dis. kand. med. nauk [Morphofunctional features of lymphangiones in normal heart and experimental lymph stagnation. Avtoref. Dis. Cand. Med. sci.]. Simpheropol, 1987:18 p. (In Russ.).

4. Garyaeva N.A. Morphologiya limphangionov grudnogo protoka. Avtoref. dis. dokt. med. nauk [Mcrphology of lymphangiones of the thorasic duct. Avtoref. Dis. Dr. Med. sci.]. Novosibirsk, 1996:44 p. (In Russ.).

5. Zavgorodniy I.G., Garyaeva N.A. K voprosu o “vistseral'noy limfedeme” i vozmozhnosti yeye farmakologicheskoy korrektsii [On the issue of “visceral lymphedema” and the possibility of its pharmacological correc-tion]. Limfologiya: nauchno-prakticheskiy zhurnal im. S.U. Dzhumabaeva - Lymphology: S.U. Dzhumabaev scientific-practical Journal. 2000;1-2:233-236 (In Russ.).

6. Garyaeva N.A. Vosstanovitel'naya hirurgiya grudnogo protoka kak metod estestvennoy detoksikatsii organizma [Restorative thoracic duct surgery as a method of natural detoxication of the body]. In: Problemye sorbtsionnoy detoksikatsii vnutrenney sredye organizma: materialy Mezhdunarodnogo simpoziuma [Problems of sorption detoxification of the internal environment of the body: Proceedings of the Intern. symposium]. Novosibirsk, IKiEL, 1995:69-72 (In Russ.).

7. Zavgorodniy I.G. Morfofunktsional'nye osobennosti terminal'nogo otdela grudnogo protoka. Avtoref. dis. kand. med. nauk [Morphofunctional features of the terminal part of the thoracic duct. Author. Dis. Cand. Med. sci.]. Novosibirsk, 2000:22 p. (In Russ.).

8. Cherkasov V.A., Garyaeva N.A., Zavgorodniy I.G. et al. Novye dannye o grudnom protoke: teoriya, eksperiment, praktika [New data on the thoracic duct: theory, experiment, practice]. In: Materialy nauchnoy sessii Permskoy gosudarstvennoy meditskoy akademii [Materials of Proceedings of scientific session of Perm State Med. Academy]. Perm, 2002:5-7 (In Russ.).

9. Guseynov T.S. Razvitie limfologii v Rossii [The development of lymphology in Russia]. Makhachkala, Lotos Publ., 2007:145-151 (In Russ.).

10. Guseynov T.S. Kto est' kto v limfologii [Who is who in Lymphology]. Makhachkala, Nauka Plus Publ., 2007:24-26 (In Russ.).

11. Garyaeva N.A. Polveka limfologii v Permi: оt teorii k praktike [Half of century of Lymphology in Perm: from theory to practice]. In: Fundamental'naya i klinicheskaya limfologiya - prakticheskomu zdravookhraneniyu: materialy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Fundamental and clinical Lymphology - to the practical health care: Proceedings of Scientific and Practical Conference]. Perm, 2001:9-13 (In Russ.).

12. Garyaeva N.A. О vklade permskih uchenih v razvitie limphologii [On the contribution of Perm scientists to the development of lymphology]. In: Fundamental'naya i klinicheskaya limfologiya - prakticheskomu zdravookhraneniyu: materialy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Fundamental and clinical Lymphology - to the practical health care: Proceedings of Scientific and Practical Conference]. Perm, 2003:13-24 (In Russ.).

13. Garyaeva N.A., Shilov A.B., Zavgorodniy I.G. Tekhnologiya sozdaniya моdifitsirovannogo lekarstvennogo rastvora dlya limfotropnoi injektsii [Technology of creation of modified drug solution of lymphotropic injection]. In: Mezdunarodnaya konferentsia, 28-29 oktyabrya 2008 g. [International conference, October 28-29, 2008]. Novosibirsk, Manuskript Publ., 2008;1:79 (In Russ.).

14. Garyaeva N.A. Limfotropnaya terapiya kak tekhnologiya limfaticheskogo dostupa [Lymphotropic therapy as a technology of lymphatic access]. In: Fundamental'naya i klinicheskaya limfologiya - prakticheskomu zdravookhraneniyu: materialy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Fundamental and clinical Lymphology - to the practical health care: Proceedings of Scientific and Practical Conference]. Perm, 2001:40-44 (In Russ.).

15. Goldyreva Ye.V., Garyaeva N.A. Tselesoobraznost' limfotropnoy antibiotikoterapii pri hronicheskih vospalitel'nyh zabolevaniyah zhenskih polovyh organov [The expediency of lymphotropic antibiotic therapy in chronic inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs]. In: Fundamental'naya i klinicheskaya limfologiya - prakticheskomu zdravookhraneniyu: materialy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Fundamental and clinical Lymphology - to the practical health care: Proceedings of Scientific and Practical Conference]. Perm, 2001:47-49 (In Russ.).

16. Peleneva I.V., Garyaeva N.A., Burukhina L.V. Endolimfaticheskaya terapiya pri tuberkuleze i nespetsificheskih zabolevaniyah legkih: Metodicheskoe posobie [Endolymphatic therapy for tuberculosis and nonspecific lung diseases: A Guidebook]. Perm, Perm State Medical Academy named after E.A. Vagner, 2009:36 p. (In Russ.).

17. Garyaeva N.A. Osnovnye ponyatiya, opredeleniya i terminy v limfologii: Metodicheskiye rekomendatsii k provedeniyu zanyatiy po teme “Limfaticheskaya sistema” dlya studentov i vrachey FUV meditsinskih vuzov [Basic concepts, definitions and terms in lymphology: Guidelines for conducting classes on the topic “Lymphatic system” for students and doctors of the Faculties of Improvement of Doctors of Medical Universities]. Perm, Perm State Medical Academy, 2001:18 p. (In Russ.).

18. Shilov A.B. Morfofunktsional'nye osobennosti interstitsiya v usloviyah metoda limfotropnogo vvedeniya tsitostatikov (anatomo-eksperimental'noye issledovaniye). Avtoref. dis. kand. med. nauk [Morphofunctional features of the interstitium under the conditions of the method of lymphotropic administration of cytostatics (anatomical and experimental study). Author. Dis. Cand. Med. sci.]. Novosibirsk, 2011:18 p. (In Russ.).

19. Garyaeva N., Zavgorodniy I., et al. Fundamental grounds for lymphotropic chemotherapy. Lymhpology Journal Progress in Lymphology XXV, Proceedings of the 25th Congress of Lymphology XXV. San Francisco, California, September 7-11, 2015:73-77.

20. Garyaeva N.A., Zavgorodniy I.G., Garyaev K.P., et al. Lymlym Study To Investigate Efficacy And Safety Of Lymphotropic Treatment (Indirect Endolymphatic Injections) Of Secondary And Primary Lymphedema. XVIII Congress of Lymphology. Lymphology (54) (2021) supplement. Athens, 2021:102.

21. Garyaeva N.A., Zavgorodniy I.G., Garyaev K.P. Limfotropnaya terapiya ateroskleroza karotidnyh arteriy [Lymphotropic therapy of atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries]. In: Borodinskiye chteniya: Materialy Mezhdunar. nauchnj-prakticheskoy konferentsii, posvyashchennoy 85-letiyu NGMU [Borodino Readings: Proceedings of the Intern. scientific-practical. conference dedicated to the 85th anniversary of NSMU]. Novosibirsk, IPTS NGMU, 2020;1: 108-115 (In Russ.).